二、加強資源保護和生態修復，推動農業綠色發展

推動農(nong)業可(ke)持(chi)續發展，必須(xu)確立發展綠色(se)農(nong)業就是保護生(sheng)態的觀念(nian)，加(jia)快形成資源利(li)用高效、生(sheng)態系(xi)統(tong)穩定、產地(di)環(huan)境良好、產品質量安全的農(nong)業發展新格局。

9．加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)資源保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和高效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)利用。基(ji)本(ben)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立農(nong)(nong)業(ye)資源有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、高效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)利用的政策和技術支撐體(ti)系，從根(gen)本(ben)上改變開發強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)過大、利用方(fang)式粗放的狀況。堅持(chi)最嚴(yan)格(ge)的耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)制度(du)(du)，堅守耕(geng)地(di)(di)紅(hong)線(xian)，全(quan)面劃(hua)定永久基(ji)本(ben)農(nong)(nong)田，大力(li)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)村土(tu)地(di)(di)整治，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)耕(geng)地(di)(di)數量(liang)、質量(liang)、生(sheng)態“三位一體(ti)”保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)和完(wan)善耕(geng)地(di)(di)占補(bu)平衡(heng)制度(du)(du)，堅決防止占多(duo)補(bu)少、占優(you)補(bu)劣、占水(shui)(shui)田補(bu)旱地(di)(di)，嚴(yan)禁(jin)毀林開墾。全(quan)面推(tui)進(jin)(jin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)占用耕(geng)地(di)(di)耕(geng)作層剝離再利用。實(shi)(shi)(shi)行建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)用地(di)(di)總量(liang)和強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)雙(shuang)控(kong)行動，嚴(yan)格(ge)控(kong)制農(nong)(nong)村集體(ti)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)用地(di)(di)規模(mo)。完(wan)善耕(geng)地(di)(di)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)補(bu)償機制。實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)耕(geng)地(di)(di)質量(liang)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)與提升行動，加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)耕(geng)地(di)(di)質量(liang)調查(cha)評價與監測，擴大東北黑土(tu)地(di)(di)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)利用試(shi)(shi)點規模(mo)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)渤海糧(liang)倉(cang)科(ke)技示范(fan)工程(cheng)，加大科(ke)技支撐力(li)度(du)(du)，加快改造(zao)鹽堿地(di)(di)。創建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)可持(chi)續發展(zhan)試(shi)(shi)驗示范(fan)區(qu)。劃(hua)定農(nong)(nong)業(ye)空間(jian)和生(sheng)態空間(jian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)。落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)最嚴(yan)格(ge)的水(shui)(shui)資源管(guan)理制度(du)(du)，強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化水(shui)(shui)資源管(guan)理“三條紅(hong)線(xian)”剛性(xing)約束，實(shi)(shi)(shi)行水(shui)(shui)資源消耗總量(liang)和強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)雙(shuang)控(kong)行動。加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)地(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)監測，開展(zhan)超采區(qu)綜合治理。落(luo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)河湖水(shui)(shui)域岸線(xian)用途管(guan)制制度(du)(du)。加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)自(zi)然保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)與管(guan)理，對重要(yao)生(sheng)態系統和物(wu)種資源實(shi)(shi)(shi)行強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)制性(xing)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)瀕危野生(sheng)動植物(wu)搶(qiang)救性(xing)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)工程(cheng)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)救護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)繁育中心(xin)和基(ji)因庫(ku)。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化野生(sheng)動植物(wu)進(jin)(jin)出口管(guan)理，嚴(yan)厲打擊象牙(ya)等瀕危野生(sheng)動植物(wu)及其制品非法交易。

10．加快農(nong)業(ye)(ye)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)突出問(wen)(wen)題治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。基本形成改(gai)善(shan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)的政策法規(gui)(gui)制(zhi)(zhi)度和技術路徑，確保(bao)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)惡化趨(qu)勢總體得到(dao)遏(e)制(zhi)(zhi)，治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)明(ming)顯見到(dao)成效(xiao)。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)并(bing)完善(shan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)突出問(wen)(wen)題治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)總體規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)。加大農(nong)業(ye)(ye)面源污染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力度，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)化肥農(nong)藥(yao)零(ling)增長行動，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)養業(ye)(ye)廢棄物(wu)資(zi)源化利用、無(wu)害化處(chu)理(li)區(qu)域(yu)示范(fan)工程。積極推(tui)廣高效(xiao)生(sheng)態(tai)循環(huan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)模式。探(tan)索實(shi)(shi)行耕地輪(lun)作(zuo)休(xiu)耕制(zhi)(zhi)度試(shi)點，通(tong)過輪(lun)作(zuo)、休(xiu)耕、退耕、替代(dai)種(zhong)(zhong)植等多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)方式，對地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)漏斗區(qu)、重金(jin)屬污染(ran)區(qu)、生(sheng)態(tai)嚴重退化地區(qu)開(kai)展綜合(he)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)全國水(shui)(shui)土保(bao)持規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)(hua)。推(tui)進荒(huang)漠化、石漠化、水(shui)(shui)土流失(shi)綜合(he)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。

11．加強(qiang)農(nong)業生態(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)修(xiu)(xiu)復。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)山水林田湖(hu)生態(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)修(xiu)(xiu)復工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，進(jin)行(xing)(xing)整體(ti)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、系統(tong)修(xiu)(xiu)復、綜合(he)治理。到2020年森林覆蓋率提高到23%以上(shang)，濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積不低(di)于8億畝(mu)。擴大新(xin)一(yi)輪退耕(geng)(geng)還(huan)林還(huan)草規模。擴大退牧還(huan)草工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)范圍(wei)。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)新(xin)一(yi)輪草原生態(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)補(bu)助獎勵政策，適(shi)當(dang)提高補(bu)獎標準。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)濕地(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)與恢復工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，開(kai)展退耕(geng)(geng)還(huan)濕。建立(li)沙化土地(di)(di)(di)(di)封禁保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)制(zhi)度(du)。加強(qiang)歷史遺(yi)留工(gong)(gong)礦廢(fei)棄和(he)(he)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)災害損(sun)毀土地(di)(di)(di)(di)復墾利用。開(kai)展大規模國土綠化行(xing)(xing)動，增加森林面(mian)積和(he)(he)蓄積量(liang)。加強(qiang)三北、長江(jiang)、珠(zhu)江(jiang)、沿海(hai)防(fang)護(hu)(hu)林體(ti)系等林業重點(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)。繼續推進(jin)京(jing)津(jin)風沙源治理。完善天然(ran)(ran)林保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)制(zhi)度(du)，全面(mian)停止天然(ran)(ran)林商業性采伐。完善海(hai)洋漁(yu)業資源總量(liang)管理制(zhi)度(du)，嚴格實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)休漁(yu)禁漁(yu)制(zhi)度(du)，開(kai)展近海(hai)捕撈限額管理試(shi)點(dian)(dian)，按(an)規劃實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)退養(yang)還(huan)灘(tan)。加快推進(jin)水生態(tai)修(xiu)(xiu)復工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)。建立(li)健全生態(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)補(bu)償(chang)機(ji)制(zhi)，開(kai)展跨地(di)(di)(di)(di)區跨流域生態(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)補(bu)償(chang)試(shi)點(dian)(dian)。編制(zhi)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)耕(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、草原、河湖(hu)休養(yang)生息(xi)規劃。

12．實(shi)施食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)戰略(lve)。加(jia)(jia)(jia)快完善食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，到(dao)2020年農獸藥(yao)(yao)殘留(liu)限量指標(biao)(biao)基本與國(guo)際食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)法(fa)(fa)典標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)接軌。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)產地(di)環境保(bao)護和(he)源頭治理，實(shi)行嚴(yan)格的(de)農業投入品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)使用(yong)(yong)管理制度。推廣高效低(di)毒低(di)殘留(liu)農藥(yao)(yao)，實(shi)施獸用(yong)(yong)抗菌藥(yao)(yao)治理行動。創(chuang)建(jian)優質農產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)和(he)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌。繼續推進農業標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)示范區、園(yuan)藝作(zuo)物(wu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)園(yuan)、標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)(hua)規模(mo)養殖(zhi)場(chang)（小區）、水產健(jian)康養殖(zhi)場(chang)建(jian)設(she)。實(shi)施動植物(wu)保(bao)護能(neng)力提升工程。加(jia)(jia)(jia)快健(jian)全(quan)(quan)從(cong)農田到(dao)餐桌的(de)農產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質量和(he)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)監管體(ti)系，建(jian)立(li)全(quan)(quan)程可追溯、互聯共享(xiang)的(de)信息平(ping)臺，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)體(ti)系建(jian)設(she)，健(jian)全(quan)(quan)風險監測(ce)評估(gu)和(he)檢(jian)驗檢(jian)測(ce)體(ti)系。落實(shi)生產經營(ying)主體(ti)責任，嚴(yan)懲(cheng)各(ge)類食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)違法(fa)(fa)犯罪(zui)。實(shi)施食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)創(chuang)新(xin)工程。加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)基層監管機構(gou)能(neng)力建(jian)設(she)，培(pei)育職業化(hua)(hua)檢(jian)查員，擴大抽檢(jian)覆蓋面，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)日常檢(jian)查。加(jia)(jia)(jia)快推進病(bing)死(si)畜禽(qin)無害化(hua)(hua)處(chu)理與養殖(zhi)業保(bao)險聯動機制建(jian)設(she)。規范畜禽(qin)屠(tu)宰(zai)管理，加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)人畜共患傳染病(bing)防治。強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)動植物(wu)疫(yi)情疫(yi)病(bing)監測(ce)防控和(he)邊(bian)境、口(kou)岸及主要物(wu)流(liu)通道檢(jian)驗檢(jian)疫(yi)能(neng)力建(jian)設(she)，嚴(yan)防外(wai)來有害物(wu)種入侵。深入開展(zhan)(zhan)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)城市和(he)農產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質量安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)縣創(chuang)建(jian)，開展(zhan)(zhan)農村食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)治理行動。強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)責任制，把保(bao)障農產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質量和(he)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)作(zuo)為衡(heng)量黨政(zheng)(zheng)領導(dao)班子政(zheng)(zheng)績的(de)重要考核指標(biao)(biao)。