每(mei)經編輯｜每(mei)經記者 張威 發自北京    

每經記(ji)者 張威 發自(zi)北京

3月3日，銀監會下發(fa)《中國(guo)銀監會辦公廳關于(yu)做好2015年農村(cun)金(jin)融服(fu)務(wu)工作的通知》（以(yi)下簡稱《通知》），要求銀行業金(jin)融機(ji)構認(ren)真貫徹(che)落實“中央一號文件”精(jing)神，強化支農服(fu)務(wu)社(she)會責任，深入推進(jin)體(ti)制(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)改(gai)革，持續改(gai)善農村(cun)金(jin)融服(fu)務(wu)，大力支持農業現代(dai)化建設。

《通知(zhi)》表示，要豐富(fu)農村(cun)(cun)金融服務(wu)(wu)主(zhu)體，提升(sheng)農村(cun)(cun)金融競爭充分性，穩(wen)步培(pei)育發(fa)展村(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，鼓(gu)勵按(an)照規模化組建、集約化管理和專業(ye)化服務(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)原(yuan)則集中連片發(fa)起設(she)立村(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，對設(she)立村(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)超過(guo)一定數量的(de)(de)發(fa)起行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，允(yun)許設(she)立村(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)管理服務(wu)(wu)子(zi)公(gong)司(si)。允(yun)許評級良(liang)好、管控(kong)能力強的(de)(de)城商行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和農商行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)到西(xi)部地(di)區(qu)(qu)發(fa)起設(she)立村(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，重(zhong)點布(bu)局老少邊窮地(di)區(qu)(qu)、農業(ye)主(zhu)產區(qu)(qu)和小微(wei)企業(ye)聚集地(di)區(qu)(qu)，不斷提升(sheng)村(cun)(cun)鎮(zhen)銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在農村(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)覆蓋面(mian)。

農(nong)行(xing)首席(xi)經(jing)濟學家、中國(guo)人民大學國(guo)際貨幣(bi)研究(jiu)所副所長向(xiang)松祚在接受《每日經(jing)濟新聞》采(cai)訪(fang)時表示，村鎮銀行(xing)更多要(yao)向(xiang)農(nong)村延展，小的(de)農(nong)村金融機構甚至微(wei)型農(nong)村金融機構在農(nong)村地區發展，支持農(nong)村農(nong)業產(chan)業化、集約(yue)化、規(gui)模化是必須的(de)，我(wo)們在這方面過去做的(de)確實不夠。

同(tong)時，《通知(zhi)》要求，加(jia)強融(rong)資擔保公司管(guan)理(li)，大力發(fa)展(zhan)政府支持的融(rong)資擔保機(ji)構(gou)和(he)再擔保機(ji)構(gou)，鼓(gu)勵(li)其開展(zhan)涉農融(rong)資擔保業務(wu)，完(wan)善銀擔合作和(he)風險分擔機(ji)制。協調(diao)規范發(fa)展(zhan)小額(e)貸款公司，建立(li)正向激勵(li)機(ji)制，完(wan)善管(guan)理(li)政策，健全管(guan)理(li)制度，強化自律管(guan)理(li)，引導發(fa)揮支農服務(wu)作用。

支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)組(zu)建(jian)以(yi)促進農(nong)業現代化，主要服務(wu)“三(san)農(nong)”的金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)租(zu)賃(lin)公(gong)司(si)，支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)租(zu)賃(lin)公(gong)司(si)開展(zhan)大型農(nong)機(ji)具(ju)融(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)租(zu)賃(lin)試點。引導信托公(gong)司(si)通過多元化金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)服務(wu)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)實體經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。鼓勵和(he)引導汽車金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)司(si)、消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)公(gong)司(si)在(zai)做好風(feng)險防范的基(ji)(ji)礎上，不斷加大對農(nong)村(cun)(cun)居(ju)民消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)服務(wu)的支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)力度(du)，支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)地區(qu)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)信貸發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，滿(man)足農(nong)村(cun)(cun)居(ju)民合理(li)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)信貸需求(qiu)，激發(fa)(fa)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)地區(qu)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)潛力，促進擴大內需和(he)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)升級(ji)，發(fa)(fa)揮消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)推(tui)動經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的基(ji)(ji)礎作用。

向松祚表(biao)示，包(bao)括(kuo)探(tan)索(suo)以農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生產資(zi)料包(bao)括(kuo)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)土(tu)地承包(bao)權(quan)利作為(wei)質押(ya)(ya)進行的(de)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)服務也沒(mei)有(you)問題(ti)，應(ying)該大(da)(da)力(li)鼓(gu)勵，融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)資(zi)擔保(bao)、租賃都可以向農(nong)(nong)村(cun)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，應(ying)該把現(xian)在(zai)的(de)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)手段(duan)盡(jin)可能(neng)(neng)用到農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)上去。“其(qi)實(shi)，與現(xian)在(zai)行業(ye)(ye)相(xiang)比沒(mei)有(you)本質差異，只不(bu)(bu)過(guo)廣大(da)(da)農(nong)(nong)民能(neng)(neng)夠用于(yu)質押(ya)(ya)、抵押(ya)(ya)的(de)東西(xi)不(bu)(bu)多，那么就需(xu)要(yao)提高容(rong)忍度，金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)(gou)在(zai)監(jian)管方面，對(dui)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)要(yao)有(you)別于(yu)城(cheng)市(shi)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)的(de)要(yao)求，而且國(guo)有(you)大(da)(da)型金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)(gou)特別是(shi)政策性(xing)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)(gou)應(ying)該擔負過(guo)多的(de)職能(neng)(neng)，農(nong)(nong)村(cun)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)至(zhi)少要(yao)成立(li)兩家(jia)支持(chi)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)、農(nong)(nong)民發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)政策性(xing)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)(gou)，除了中小(xiao)村(cun)鎮銀行之外(wai)，小(xiao)型金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)公司以外(wai)，國(guo)家(jia)確實(shi)應(ying)該建立(li)政策的(de)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)機構(gou)(gou)來支持(chi)現(xian)在(zai)提出的(de) ‘農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)四化’。”

同時，《通知》要求，積極(ji)推動省級人民政府抓緊落實對新型農(nong)(nong)村(cun)合(he)作金融(rong)的監管、引導(dao)和(he)規范職責，支持在符(fu)合(he)條件的農(nong)(nong)民合(he)作社和(he)供銷合(he)作社基礎上(shang)培育發展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)合(he)作金融(rong)組織，促進其更好地(di)為農(nong)(nong)村(cun)實體經濟(ji)服(fu)務。