每經(jing)編輯｜每經(jing)記者 黃俊玲    

每經記者 黃俊玲

今(jin)日（6月11日），保監會召開新聞(wen)發(fa)布會，介(jie)紹2014年償付能力監管工作的情況。

保(bao)(bao)監會(hui)(hui)(hui)相關(guan)負(fu)責人在此(ci)次(ci)(ci)發(fa)(fa)(fa)布(bu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)介紹稱，目(mu)前保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)主要是通(tong)過股東增資(zi)(zi)和發(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)次(ci)(ci)級債來補(bu)充(chong)資(zi)(zi)本。與此(ci)同時保(bao)(bao)監會(hui)(hui)(hui)也在創新保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)資(zi)(zi)本補(bu)充(chong)工具，一(yi)是與中國(guo)人民銀行(xing)聯合發(fa)(fa)(fa)布(bu)了(le)(le)《中國(guo)人民銀行(xing) 中國(guo)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)監督管理委員會(hui)(hui)(hui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)告》（【2015】第3號(hao)），允許保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)在全國(guo)銀行(xing)間債券市場(chang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)資(zi)(zi)本補(bu)充(chong)債券，目(mu)前已經(jing)有(you)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)來保(bao)(bao)監會(hui)(hui)(hui)遞(di)交了(le)(le)申請(qing)；二是研究了(le)(le)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)發(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)優(you)先股事宜，起草了(le)(le)《中國(guo)保(bao)(bao)監會(hui)(hui)(hui)關(guan)于保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)發(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)優(you)先股有(you)關(guan)事項的通(tong)知》，將于近期正式發(fa)(fa)(fa)布(bu)；三是積(ji)極鼓勵(li)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)海外(wai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)資(zi)(zi)本工具，并取得階段性進展，進一(yi)步打開資(zi)(zi)本補(bu)充(chong)的空間。

2014年風險D類公司僅2家

據介紹，2014年保(bao)險公(gong)司償付能力總體保(bao)持(chi)“穩中有升”的態勢(shi)，主(zhu)要表現在三個方面：

一是償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)不達(da)(da)標公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)數量下(xia)降。根據(ju)會(hui)計(ji)師事務所審(shen)計(ji)和保監會(hui)審(shen)核后的償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)報告，2014年(nian)末(mo)全行業有1家公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)不達(da)(da)標，較2013年(nian)末(mo)減(jian)少(shao)1家，達(da)(da)標公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)占公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)總數的比(bi)例(li)(li)為99.3%，達(da)(da)標公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)總資產(chan)占行業總資產(chan)的比(bi)例(li)(li)為99.96%。產(chan)險(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)和再(zai)保險(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)連續4個季度償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)全部達(da)(da)標，且2014年(nian)末(mo)償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)充(chong)足率均處(chu)于充(chong)足II類(lei)(lei)（即償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)充(chong)足率大(da)于150%）。壽(shou)險(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)（含健康(kang)險(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、養老險(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)）中，除1家公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)不達(da)(da)標外，其(qi)他(ta)壽(shou)險(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力(li)全部達(da)(da)標，且均處(chu)于充(chong)足II類(lei)(lei)。

二是行業(ye)(ye)資(zi)本溢額(e)大(da)(da)幅(fu)增長。受保險公司盈利(li)能力提(ti)高、資(zi)本市(shi)場(chang)向好、公司外部融資(zi)等多(duo)重(zhong)因素的影響(xiang)，行業(ye)(ye)資(zi)本溢額(e)大(da)(da)幅(fu)增長。2014年末全行業(ye)(ye)資(zi)本溢額(e)為7207億元，較年初增加(jia)3199億元，增幅(fu)79.8%。

三是高風(feng)險(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)數量下降。保監(jian)會(hui)對127家(jia)保險(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)基于2014年(nian)(nian)末的(de)情況(kuang)開展了分(fen)類(lei)(lei)監(jian)管評價，按照公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)的(de)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)由(you)低(di)到(dao)高依次評定為A、B、C、D四類(lei)(lei)。評價結果顯(xian)示，A類(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)有(you)43家(jia)，B類(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)有(you)79家(jia)，C類(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)有(you)3家(jia)，D類(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)有(you)2家(jia)。其中，風(feng)險(xian)(xian)低(di)的(de)A類(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)較年(nian)(nian)初(chu)(chu)增加了7家(jia)，風(feng)險(xian)(xian)嚴重(zhong)的(de)D類(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)較年(nian)(nian)初(chu)(chu)減少了2家(jia)。保監(jian)會(hui)已對C、D類(lei)(lei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)采(cai)取了限制投資范圍、暫停增設分(fen)支機(ji)構等針對性的(de)監(jian)管措施(shi)，督促(cu)問題公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)盡(jin)快化解風(feng)險(xian)(xian)。

2015年，保險(xian)(xian)行業已(yi)經(jing)進入償二代過(guo)渡期，上(shang)述負責人(ren)表示，保監會將以償二代組織(zhi)實施工作為核(he)心(xin)，繼續加(jia)強(qiang)償付能力(li)監管力(li)度，防范行業風險(xian)(xian)。

該負責人對(dui)《每日(ri)經濟新(xin)(xin)聞》記者表(biao)示，償二代的(de)(de)各項技術參數和標準，都是基于我國保險業近20年的(de)(de)實際(ji)數據測算得出的(de)(de)，真實反映(ying)了我國保險業的(de)(de)風險狀(zhuang)況，體(ti)現了新(xin)(xin)規則(ze)對(dui)中(zhong)國市場的(de)(de)適用性。同時，國際(ji)可(ke)比即償二代符合(he)國際(ji)資本監(jian)管(guan)的(de)(de)改革方向(xiang)，與國際(ji)上(shang)其(qi)他的(de)(de)償付(fu)能力監(jian)管(guan)模式(shi)可(ke)對(dui)話(hua)、可(ke)比較、可(ke)互認。

優先股事宜的通知近期發布

在資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)補充(chong)方面，保(bao)(bao)(bao)監(jian)會相關負責人表(biao)示(shi)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)監(jian)會研究起(qi)草了《保(bao)(bao)(bao)險公(gong)(gong)司資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)補充(chong)管理辦(ban)法（征(zheng)求意(yi)見(jian)稿）》，建立了由“資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)分級(ji)、資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)工(gong)具、公(gong)(gong)司資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)管理、監(jian)督(du)檢查”組(zu)成的(de)行業資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)補充(chong)機制，規(gui)定(ding)了普通股、優先(xian)股、資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)公(gong)(gong)積、留(liu)存收益、債(zhai)務性資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)工(gong)具、應急資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)單責任證券化產品、財務再保(bao)(bao)(bao)險八大類資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)補充(chong)渠道，豐富了保(bao)(bao)(bao)險公(gong)(gong)司的(de)融(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)渠道，打(da)開了保(bao)(bao)(bao)險公(gong)(gong)司資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)(ben)工(gong)具的(de)創新空間。

上述負責人表示，目(mu)前保險(xian)公司(si)主要是通過股(gu)東增資(zi)和發行次(ci)級債來(lai)補充資(zi)本。

該(gai)負責人(ren)(ren)透露(lu)，與此同時(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)監會也在(zai)創新(xin)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)資(zi)本(ben)補充工具，一(yi)是中國人(ren)(ren)民(min)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)聯合發(fa)(fa)布(bu)了(le)《中國人(ren)(ren)民(min)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing) 中國保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)監督管理委員會公(gong)告》（【2015】第3號），允許保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)在(zai)全國銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)間債券市(shi)場發(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)資(zi)本(ben)補充債券，目前已經有(you)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)來(lai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)監會遞交了(le)申請。二是研究了(le)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)發(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)優(you)先股事(shi)宜，起草(cao)了(le)《中國保(bao)(bao)(bao)監會關于保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)發(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)優(you)先股有(you)關事(shi)項的(de)通(tong)知》，將(jiang)于近期正(zheng)式(shi)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)。三(san)是積(ji)極鼓勵保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)海外發(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)資(zi)本(ben)工具，并取得階段(duan)性進(jin)展，進(jin)一(yi)步打(da)開資(zi)本(ben)補充的(de)空間。

對于保險公司海外融資(zi)，該(gai)負(fu)責(ze)人表示，目前也有保險公司正在嘗試(shi)。

保監會表(biao)示，未來將進一步完(wan)善(shan)資(zi)本補充機制(zhi)，發布《保險公(gong)司資(zi)本補充管理辦法》，指導和規范行業(ye)融(rong)資(zi)行為(wei)，豐富(fu)資(zi)本工(gong)具，拓寬融(rong)資(zi)渠(qu)道，提高(gao)行業(ye)資(zi)本實力和抵御風(feng)險的能力。